The risk-based testing is a testing strategy that is based on prioritizing tests by risks. It is based on a detailed risk analysis approach which categorizes the risks by their priority. Highest priority risks are resolved first.

Risk-based testing is a software testing approach that prioritizes testing efforts based on the areas of the application that are most likely to contain defects and pose the highest risks. The primary goal of risk-based testing is to allocate testing resources efficiently by focusing on the most critical and vulnerable components of the software.

Here are key points to understand about risk-based testing:

Risk Assessment: The first step in risk-based testing is to identify and assess the potential risks associated with the software project. Risks may include factors such as business impact, technical complexity, changes in requirements, and dependencies on other systems.
Risk Analysis: Once risks are identified, they are analyzed to determine their likelihood and impact on the project. This analysis helps in prioritizing which areas of the application require more rigorous testing.
Test Planning: Based on the risk analysis, a test plan is developed that outlines the testing strategy and priorities. High-risk areas are allocated more testing resources and efforts, while lower-risk areas may receive less extensive testing.
Test Case Design: Test cases are designed to cover the identified high-risk areas thoroughly. This may involve creating test scenarios that focus on critical functionalities, potential failure points, and areas where defects are more likely to occur.
Continuous Monitoring: Risk-based testing is an ongoing process. As the project progresses, the risks may change, and new risks may emerge. Therefore, the testing strategy should be continuously monitored and adjusted to reflect the current state of the project.
Regression Testing: While risk-based testing prioritizes high-risk areas, it does not neglect other parts of the application. Regression testing is still important to ensure that changes in one part of the system do not introduce defects in other areas.
Documentation: Comprehensive documentation of the risk assessment, analysis, and testing strategy is crucial for effective communication among team members and stakeholders.

By focusing testing efforts on areas with higher risks, risk-based testing helps to optimize resource utilization, improve test coverage, and increase the likelihood of identifying critical defects early in the software development lifecycle.