Logical backup is used to read a set of database records and writing them into a file. An Export utility is used to take the backup while an Import utility is used to recover from the backup.

A logical backup in Oracle refers to the process of backing up the database using a logical method, which involves exporting logical data structures such as tables, views, stored procedures, and other database objects. This type of backup creates a file containing SQL statements or data that can be used to recreate the database objects and their relationships.

The most common tool for performing logical backups in Oracle is the Oracle Data Pump utility, which includes the expdp and impdp commands. These commands allow you to export and import database objects in a logical format.

Logical backups are useful for scenarios such as:

Database Migration: Moving data between different Oracle databases.
Data Archiving: Storing a snapshot of specific data for long-term retention or compliance purposes.
Selective Backup and Restore: Backing up and restoring specific database objects rather than the entire database.

It’s important to note that while logical backups provide flexibility in terms of selectively backing up and restoring specific data, they may take longer to perform compared to physical backups (backing up at the file level). Physical backups involve copying the actual database files, providing a quicker restore process but with less granularity in terms of selecting specific database objects.

In summary, a logical backup in Oracle involves capturing the database’s logical structure and data using SQL statements, and it’s typically performed using tools like Oracle Data Pump.